![]() Note: Caffeine citrate should not be interchanged with the caffeine sodium benzoate formulation. Hypersensitivity to caffeine or any component of the formulation sodium benzoate is not for use in neonates Dosage and Administration Dosing: Adult Use of caffeine with adenosine-induced adverse reactions specifically is usually not warranted due to adenosine's short half-life (adverse reactions will usually stop within seconds of stopping adenosine) ASNC. Reversal of dipyridamole- or regadenoson-induced adverse reactions (eg, angina, hypotension) during nuclear cardiac stress testing (alternative agent)cįor dipyridamole- or regadenoson-induced adverse reactions (eg, angina, hypotension) during nuclear cardiac stress testing, when aminophylline is not available (eg, due to shortage), intravenous caffeine citrate may be used as an alternative Doran 2017, Singleton 2018. Additional trials may be necessary to further define the role of caffeine/sodium benzoate in this condition. Data from a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in post-partum patients with postdural puncture headache supports the use of oral caffeine base for the treatment of this condition Camann 1990. One protocol for the treatment of this condition has been described Jarvis 1986. Postdural puncture headache (caffeine and sodium benzoate)bĭata from a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study ( Note: Second phase of study was unblinded and open-label) supports the use of IV caffeine/sodium benzoate in the treatment of postdural puncture headache Sechzer 1978. Additional trials may be necessary to further define the role of caffeine/sodium benzoate in this setting. Use: Labeled IndicationsĬaffeine citrate: Treatment of idiopathic apnea of prematurityĬaffeine and sodium benzoate: See Off-Label uses.Ĭaffeine : Restore mental alertness or wakefulness when experiencing fatigue Use: Off LabelĪugmentation of seizure induction during electroconvulsive therapy (caffeine and sodium benzoate)cĭata from a randomized, double blind study as well as a few unblinded studies support the use of caffeine/sodium benzoate in the treatment of augmentation of seizure induction during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Coffey 1987, Hinkle 1987, McCall 1993, Shapira 1987. ![]() Pregnancy and cirrhosis: Half-life is increased. Neonates: 72 to 96 hours (range: 40 to 230 hours)Ĭhildren >9 months and Adults: 5 hours Protein Bindingġ7% (children) to 36% (adults) Use in Specific Populations Special Populations Note Serum: Oral: Within 30 minutes to 2 hours Half-Life Elimination ![]() Infants >1 month and Adults: In urine, as metabolites ![]() Neonates ≤1 month: 86% excreted unchanged in urine Note: In neonates, interconversion between caffeine and theophylline has been reported (caffeine levels are ~25% of measured theophylline after theophylline administration and ~3% to 8% of caffeine would be expected to be converted to theophylline) Excretion V d: Neonates: 0.8 to 0.9 L/kg Children >9 months to Adults: 0.6 L/kg Metabolism Increases levels of 3'5' cyclic AMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase CNS stimulant which increases medullary respiratory center sensitivity to carbon dioxide, stimulates central inspiratory drive, and improves skeletal muscle contraction (diaphragmatic contractility) prevention of apnea may occur by competitive inhibition of adenosine Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Distribution
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